Female technicians are only a few, gifted, modest and talented, one more reason to meet ChaCha de Cayeux mixing FOH for Hyphen Hyphen, talk about her career and listen to her mix on a beautiful afternoon at the Zenith in Paris.
First, what is the difference between a female technician and a male technician? None, except half a century of tightly locked habits, and finally starting to move. Time is coming, let’s add a bit of lubricant with this report to loosen the process.
Charline “ChaCha” de Cayeux, behind her YAMAHA CL5.
We sneak in a downsized Zenith on a beautiful afternoon of June. A heavy black curtain reduces it’s its capacity to 4,200 people. This is just right, as what is lost for income is gained for audio quality. It’s a good thing, what the profits lose, the sound wins. In the dark, the FOH position booth is easy to spot. easily recognizable.
ChaCha is leaning on her CL5 and unrolls titles in total complicity with Santa and the rest of the band.
[private]
We take advantage of her work on some titles to wander walk through the rows of seats and the very big pit. The sound is fat and thick big, very well produced and sharp. The system tuning is really good, the mix too, but we will come back to it a bit later. Matthieu Marionneau has had the responsibility of the system design and tuning, and he knows the K1 inside out! in and out!
Everyone is focus on work working, so we do not interrupt Kiki, the lighting operator, on the left and Chacha the FOH engineer that we guess on the right. The right balance is already there, the ratio between the main, the flown subs/floor subs and the outfills and central cluster is perfect.
Once the system is tuned and the lights set up for the last title, here’s the surprise: a convinc-ing cover of famous French hit “XXL” by Mylène Farmer. We introduce each other ourselves and begin the interview by: “Let’s have a beer and go outside?”
SLU : Charline, when did you and the audio world met?
ChaCha : It’s been 10 years and I started at 21 years old. This That also answers the question about my age (laughs). I grew up in Agen, in the South of France, and there was almost nothing except the Florida where I spent a lot of my spare time. Piano lessons and a bunch of concerts, includ-ing the beginnings of General Elektriks. It made me want to work in music first, and next in Pro Audio the sound. But it also could have been lighting!
SLU : And the school… What about school?
ChaCha : I was a good student. “Bac S with a mention” and “Hypokhâgne” because I wanted to apply for the FEMIS or Louis Lumière, but after a year of preparation, I preferred to switch to a “BTS Au-diovisual” that did not close the doors of those two top schools…
SLU : And then you started working!
ChaCha : Exactly! I did an internship at the Bataclan and they offered me to stay the year after. So I started live audio engineering in this venue in 2008. Then I spent a year at La Flèche d’Or, also in Paris, as the audio manager and then I started touring.
Adrien Mauroux, who is in charge of Hyphen Hyphen’s monitor mixes (in-ears and wedges) on this tour, taught me how to mix monitors at the Bataclan. He works with Audrey Schiavi and Eric Gabler, the owners of a rehearsal space, the Studio 440. The company is also the audio sub-rental provider of the Bataclan. So I started on monitors there, (She changes her mind) No, first as stage hand, and after that on monitors for piano/vocal sets, until the day you’re told that you will do monitors for the headliner!
SLU : What was your first big gig?
ChaCha : Larry Graham, the incredible bass player from Sly & The Family Stone for whom I had prepared a SM58 for the lead vocal and then the sound engineer arrived with a condenser mic instead. Can you imagine the feedback? “You’ll see, they’re all really cool but quite deaf”. Yes, absolute-ly, but there was such a crazy level on stage. That night I did not understand what was happen-ing to me. Larry arrived on stage and stood in front of me at the desk, pointing his bass and telling me -up, up, up… Total panic! (laughs)
Olivier Lude at the Zenith in June 2010 on his Midas with Matthieu Chédid, AKA -M-!
SLU : And then? Who was the icing on the cake that triggered another lead, and then on and on?
ChaCha : Olivier Lude! He recommended me on a tour: “She’s my assistant, she’s great” I was his assis-tant in the studio on an album of -M-. I was 22 years old and had almost never toured yet.
I was hired at FOH for Tom Fire, and since it went well with “W Spectacle” production compa-ny, I was asked to mix Winston McAnuff & Fixi for 200 gigs. I learned a lot on this long tour since we went through all types of venues and festivals, including heavy SPL ones like Reggae Sun Ska. When you arrive with a beatboxer, a piano and accordion player, and you hear big reg-gae bands soundchecking, you’re on pins and needles! (laughs) I improved a lot. For example, it made me feel more confident about my EQ choices, when I did not dare to undertake certain choices at first!
SLU : But which sounded great…
ChaCha : Yes, and I finally admitted it!
SLU : And you then definitely switched to live sound…
ChaCha : Yes, I prefer live sound from studio work, at least for now. I remember one day, when after two weeks of very, very long and offbeat studio schedules, I confessed to the studio producer: “I’m knackered”. I had sunken eyes down to my knees, but I was happy because Alain Bashung (huge French singer, now departed, Ed.) was coming the last day to do his last takes before unfortunately he passed away. But I was called the next morning: “You can have a rest, we replace you today” Damn. (laughs!)
Derya in 2015 with Arthur H, switching from system engineering to front-of-house mixing, like Vladimir Coulibre, a certain Laurent “Bellote” Delenclos, or Matthieu Marionneau (mong many others)…
SLU : It’s Derya Uzun (FOH mixer & system engineer) who told us about you and your good work. Did he also play the role of the icing on the cake?
ChaCha : Somehow. To make it short, at 16, as a big fan of -M-, I harassed his manager to come to a soundcheck.
A year later he contacted me, to attend a soundcheck and 2 shows at the Zenith de Toulouse. Can you imagine the size of the venue? (yes!) I went nuts! A driver was waiting for me with my name at the train station!
Derya took care of me during these 2 days. He answered ALL the questions I could ask. Later we met again on a Arthur H tour and one day he even welcomed me on his setup for a support band. I was stressed like never before!
SLU : How did you get the job with Hyphen Hyphen?
ChaCha : The band was looking for someone, if possible their own age, for a better understanding of their music, and why not a woman, so my name came up. They asked for my resume, and then we went for a drink to know each other a little more, we listened to the album and after a day of rehearsal, they told me: “OK, it’s you”. Now we’ve been touring together for almost a year and a half.
Santa, Laura, Adam and Zoé in the light of the IVL Squares from Minuit Une.
SLU : You sound very eclectic musically.
ChaCha : I’m not stuck in one particular musical genre. Currently, in addition to Hyphen Hyphen, I mix Sofiane Saidi & Mazalda and it’s good, they play really well on stage. And I also used to work for the Bataclan before the terrorist attack, necessarily less now.
I also mixed a few weeks ago a show in live streaming for TV channel Culturebox, it was Ar-naud Rebotini who played at La Cite de la Musique the soundtrack of the “120 BPM” much awarded French movie… There were woodwinds, strings, synths, guitars, and as I was not in charge of the FOH mix, I really could focus on the live streamed mix with more freedom. I loved it.
SLU : You’re always discovering…
ChaCha : Of course, we always discover and learn every day. It’s endless! I’m lucky because I always got along very well with my artists so I’m having fun.
SLU : Hyphen looks like a very produced show.
ChaCha : Yes it is, but it’s very interesting because somehow it is like a mastering work every night on the mix that I make on my CL5. It’s new for me because I’m used to tour without my FOH package. Now we have the FOH and MON desk and some other elements that stick with us on the road, but we use the PA and the wedges of each venue.
Matthieu Marionneau
SLU : And Matthieu Marionneau?
ChaCha : Tonight Potar Hurlant (an historic Pro Audio rental company now part of the Novelty group) brought us a K1 system and, in charge of the design and tunning: Matthieu. He is super nice, open to comments, and he has a smile that gives you trust! But above all, he is one of the best. I also like L-Acoustics systems, it is really dynamic and really open sounding.
SLU : How did you determine your favourite PA ?
ChaCha : Easily. I’ve noticed that in some festivals, when I do not change my mix too much, it’s a K1 sys-tem. I deducted that it fitted me well.
SLU : Usually you arrive in a venue and you tune the PA on your own ?
ChaCha : Yes, « 1-2 » in a microphone, a few songs that I always play, and let’s go. I would love to have Matthieu all the time on tour with us just to learn. I love to chat with him. I respect the system tuning part because it is the heart of the matter.
SLU : You know exactly what you want to hear…
ChaCha : Now yes and without any posturing, I go for a certain sound that matches the color that I want to give to the band! When I started, I was just trying to avoid feedbacks (laughs). I also avoid too much hassles during the soundcheck and fighting with the empty room cutting frequencies that, generally, will all be dampened during the first song.
I prefer to let the room live, as it is, different each night. I’m often in a “We’ll see tonight” mood. There is another sentence that I love: “We send musicians on stage, not rockets in space.” © JP Onfire. It allows you to get a perspective and work more relaxed.
We go on stage with ChaCha and have a look at the microphones.
SLU : For drums?
ChaCha : Very classic (smiles). Beta 91A and Beta 52 Shure on the bass drum with a lot of 91 for the attack and a touch of 52 to have some softness.
Both are in phase and, according to the songs, I play with the balance between the two mics. Never the Beta 52 alone, I do not like it too much. Here we also have a trigger on a bass drum to bring in really low frequencies. On the snare drum we also put a trigger. I have a Beta 57 on top and an AKG C535 underneath (© Derya).
Even from far, Zoe’s snare rocks!
Zoe (the drummer) has a very beautifully deep snare, it helps to make a nice pop music sound! The hi-hat has a SM 81 with a low cut at 400 Hz. I prefer its color more than the KM184 Neu-mann which is a bit too bright.
On the toms we have E604 Sennheiser on which I work a lot on the attack so you can hear them through a mix already heavy in the low and low-mid frequen-cies. And finally, the overheads are two KM184 which I also cut a lot in the lows. I use it mainly for cymbals that I also get a lot from the vocals’ mics.
Santa putting her Axient transmission to the test!
SLU : Santa’s voice?
ChaCha : This is a Shure Axient Digital transmission and the head is a Telefunken M81. She wanted an M80 but it is too bright. The M81 sounds exactly the same, except that it is attenuated from 6kHz. Both backing vocals are wired Beta58 mics. In addition to this, we have the bass, 2 elec-tric guitars, 2 acoustic guitars, a small keyboard and 10 tracks from Ableton Live (including a click). With the ambiance mics, we have a 42 inputs patch.
SLU : Console and effects?
ChaCha : I have the Transient Designer and it belongs to me, yaay! (laughs) One channel inserted on the kick drum and the other on the snare. For the voice of Santa I use a DBX160. I tried a Distressor first but I wasn’t really happy with the sound.
Three strategic elements. The 160, the SSL compressor and the Vitalizer. Few buttons, a lot of pretty sound.
So I came back to the 160 that I love with its OverEasy and which, on top of that, has only three buttons. I go straight to the point. On a stereo subgroup where I have everything except vocals, I insert a Vitalizer SPL.
I open just a touch of the Stereo Enhancer. The process button is convenient to bring some air in the very high frequencies and clean a little in the low-mids. Finally, on my master bus, I in-sert a SSL stereo compressor. This is very useful in very reverberant rooms because it cuts part of the attack and suddenly reduces the excitement of the walls.
SLU : And in your desk?
ChaCha : Still on the master, I have a dynamic EQ and a multi-band compressor which I use especially from 0 to 100Hz to compress and boost the lows. I use it very softly according to the rooms, and finally I have a 31 bands EQ but once again, it is less and less useful. I like to have these treatments at my fingertips even if I do not use them. I like the CL5. It is simple, intuitive and there is everything in it. The only thing that could be improved is the Snapshots part. It’s too rigid.
SLU : Are the onboard effects enough for you?
ChaCha : Yes. They’re OK enough. Initially, I had a SoundGrid server with Waves plugins in my control package. I prepared it all at Dushow but the first day of rehearsal I had CPU problems with naughty little clicks. As I always put efficiency and caution first, I went back to what the CL5 provides and it’s very good, even if I equalize the effects a lot.
Of course, I would have liked to go with a more powerful console like the Avid S6L or Yamaha PM7, but we had only 2 days of preparation and a few days of rehearsal.
The risk was to spend more time learning and preparing the desk than mixing, and I didn’t want to waste time. I also love the Midas sound but less its accessibility.
A Siena 400, a photo collected from the old beautiful French stuff specialist, ALV.
SLU : Did you work on analog console first or start directly in digital?
ChaCha : Noooo, I started with analog at the Bataclan. We had a Midas Siena at monitors and a H3000 at FOH, so yes! I had the chance to put my hands on analog first.
I learned baby-sitting with analog inserts and complicated requests from sound engineers, and with Audrey (Schiavi) supervising me: “I let you do it… but… it’s not the way!” It’s funny today to mix on an analog desk because you end up with six compressors, six gates, four reverbs and you have to make choices. A real Back to Basics. The asset is that you can work subgroups without fear of latency and phase problems, and if you have a good gain structure, it works.
Santa well surrounded. It takes what is needed when covering the “XXL” hit!
SLU : I saw that you add one-off effects, Adrien on monitors must do the same ?
ChaCha : No, I’m sending him two subgroups, one with all the voice reverbs and a second with the de-lays and the distortion effect on Santa’s vocal (on one song only). It brings consistency. And he already has enough to do! I used to manage the in-ears from the front of house before he ar-rived, so Santa needed to keep the same effects.
SLU : Do you see an increase in the number of female technicians?
ChaCha : Of course, there are more and more, and plenty more coming up!
SLU : And with the guys?
ChaCha : It depends, sometimes some guys still talk to me as an intern and not as a 40 years old guy. And it’s funny they need to tell women about how they understand audio better than us. Like: “No, I don’t need to turn down the input of the PA, but you should put -10 dB on your mix. Don’t you know that a digital desk only sounds good when you reach the first green LED only?” And he says that before I’ve even sent anything to the PA (laughs!).
I also remember a guy, adorable beside that, who told me: “Wow, you mix well the sound for a girl, can I take a selfie with you?”. Or another one in a festival who was trying to figure out who was mixing. I was behind my desk with headphones, talkie and all the audio equipment. He ended up asking someone from the staff: “But who is the guy mixing? I don’t see him and it sounds great… -It’s the young woman over there. -Ahhh yes ok…” There are also some good sides of course! And usually the bands with only male members are very happy to have a girl in the team.
Charline and the boys. From left to right Valentin Nebati, lighting assistant for the show at the Zenith, Denis Guillebot aka Kiki, lighting operator, Matt Marionneau, system designer and en-gineer for the Zenith, and Chacha, FOH audio engineer.
SLU : Are you lifting heavy equipment?
ChaCha : Yes, carefully. I remember a venue where the manager saw us carrying the CL5 with another girl, noticed that it was necessary to lift it up over an obstacle. Two other girls from the bar came to give us a hand. He was just there, watching us, and only moved to help us when he noticed that I had scratched my skin against a wall and was bleeding. It was abroad so we were treated to a great: “I like hard working girls!”…
Matthieu’s PA system, simple and very efficient
A system more than comfortable for 4,200 people. The KS28 cleaning the back wave is the 4th from the top or the 3rd from the bottom!
As Charline says, Matthieu Marionneau is a real Plus in the team and his work on the design and the tuning offers her a perfect audio material to sculpt.
Matthieu Marionneau : Tonight we have 8 K1s and 4 K2s per side, reinforced by 6 KS28s hooked behind, in a cardioid 3-1-2 mode. One of them is the sub at 180°. We also have two stacks of 3 SB28s per side to bring a little ground effect for the first rows.
4 ARCS II front fills per side also cover the front rows and a 6 Kara central cluster fills the hole in the center of the venue, due to a 22 meters opening. The system is fully driven by LA12X amplifiers/controllers.
SLU : How do you send the signal?
Matthieu Marionneau : In AVB via Gigacore Luminex switches. The new models from L-Acoustics arrived a bit too late. The backup is in AES and the switch is made automatically by the controllers, with of course an alert sent.
They were not all sold and replaced by KS28, here’s the proof. In ground reinforcement, three SB28s. Notice above the configuration with 4 ARCS II.
SLU : Is this a standard configuration of Potar for the Zenith of Paris?
Matthieu Marionneau : Absolutely. It was used with Christophe Mahé last year.
SLU : How does K1s and underneath K2s behaive together ?
Matthieu Marionneau : Naturally! Both are full range and overlapped on the lowest octave 30-60 Hz by the KS28s.
SLU : What do the SB28s bring?
Matthieu Marionneau : Some infras on about ten meters for the people in the pit. We do not go too far and too strong since they are at -12dB. It avoids getting too close to the 118 dBC new legislation.
We always look for solutions according to the rules while keeping a physical dimension to the sound.
Here is the machine to fill the holes. 6 Kara’s, and let’s go!
SLU : What are Matt’s news?
Matthieu Marionneau : “I’m on tour at FOH with Charlie Winston and it’s one of the best tour of my career. It plays well, it’s good music, and everyone on that tour is awesome, and… “ blackout !
Blackout
To set the mood, the 4,200 fans of the band tickle 100 dBA. From the first notes, we see that the sound of the venue has changed since the soundcheck, and, as always, in the good way.
Chacha’s mix is full, dense and well run. A nice job with an elaborate kick drum/snare/hi-hat balance, exactly in accordance to the Pop Music style of the band, with an attack that is well heard without annoying the VU-meters (thank you Transient Designer !) but also a sound aes-thetic that is respectful while being effective.
Flying Adam!
The songs scroll without false notes and with enough energy to make the audience move. We sometimes flirt with the 102 dBA level but the official average is below. Nice work also on Santa’s vocal who relies on Charline’s finger and on his DBX 160 to send out serenely heavy sound. The dBs are well under control and the mastering work encapsulates all the naturalness of the sound. Nice job with not much, or actually yes: talent and passion.
– François Beuchot for Franz & Fritz : Light Design
– Denis Guillebot (AKA KiKi) : Light director on tour and adaptation for the Zenith
– Valentin Nebati : Light assistant for the Zenith
– Stan Kopec : stage manager + backline
– Adrien Mauroux : Mix monitors
– Charline de Cayeux : FOH Mix
– Matthieu Marionneau : System audio engineer for “Le Zenith” Paris
– Flavien Glancer : Truck driver, Artys
– Taric Saïd : Le Zénith Technical Director
– Camille Linard : Backliner for « Le Zénith »
Group :
– Santa : lead vocals
– Laura : bass, SPDS Pads, backing vocals
– Adam : guitar, SPDS Pads, keyboards, backing vocals
– Zoe : drums, sequences